Air-brake for vehicles.



F. A. HOMES.

,AiR BRAKE FOR VEHICLES, APPLIQATION FILED DEC. 18,]914.

. 1 87,31 8 h Patented June 15, 1916.

F1532, F154 WITNESSES}: F 7 I AQ INVENTOR;

' A TTORNE YS.

- FRANK A. HOMES, OF ST. JOSEP H, MISSOURI.

AIR-BRAKE FOR VEHICLES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK A. HoMas, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Joseph, in the county of Buchanan and; State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements ,in Air- Brakes for Vehicles, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

My invention relatesto improvements in air operated brakes for vehicles, the objects of which are, first: t0 rovide simple, substantial, durable and e icie'nt brakes of this class, which are adapted'for use on vehicles generally, and especially on. automobiles, second ;to provide air operated emergency brakes, of such construction, that lateral skidding, and also wear on the rear tires of the vehicle are prevented, and by the use of which, the vehiclem-ay be stopped in the minimum space of time, third :to provide air applying means, which shall first, automatically release the engine of an automobilefrom its power transmitter, ,and which can be.nianipulated as desired for regulating the action of the servicebrake, fourth};

to somonstruct the air applying means, that,

if from any cause, such as ailment or accident to the operator, his foot should be removed from the air regulating pedal, the engine of the automobile will be released, as

stated, after which the service and emer-' gency brakes will be instantly applied,

fifth,-to provide ready. means for exhausting the used air, and also to provide brake returning means, whereby the brakes are returned to their normalpositions, after said used air is exhausted. I attain these ob 'jects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1. is a vertical section on the line X X, seen in Fig. 2, looking downward. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan of the brakes and ofcertain parts of an automobile. Fig. 3 is an enlarged section in detail of one of the emergency brakepivotal air connections. .Fig. 4. is a vertical section cut through the center of the service brake actuating means. Fig. 5 is an enlarged bottom plan of one of the various otherforms of emergency brake shoes that may be used. Fig. 6 is a transverse sectionon the-line Z Z, seen in Fig. 7.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the shoe shown inFi s.5and6. fi

Re erring to "Figs. 1 and 2, air is pumped- .nnder pressure, into tank.1, through pipe 2,

specification of Letters Patent.

connected With tank 1, by pipe 9.

' Patented June 13, 1916.

Application filed. December lg. 1914. Serial No. 877,917.

(of which only a portion is showin) by pumping mechanism which forms no part of this invention, and is therefore neither shown nor described. It will be understood, that in actual practice, pipe 2 is provided with the usual shut-off cock and check valve, (not shown,) for retaining air under pres sure, in said tank. One end of said tank is supported by the lower end portion of bracket 3, the upper end of which is formed with tie plate 4, the ends of which are se-' cured to rails 5-and 6, of an automobile chassis. The. other end of said tank is secured to the lower end portion of controller exhaust port 26, formed therethrough. Said ports are controlled by piston 15, provided with valve 16, formed on its lower surface; said valve being adapted to close port 10, Said piston is also provided with piston rod 15, on the upper end of which pedal 17 is oscillatably mounted. Said piston rod has notches '18, 19, and 20 formed in one of the edges thereof. Said notches are ads pt-ed to be engaged by friction'roll 21, rotatably mounted in the lower end of the L shaped stop pedal 22, the central portion of which is pivotally mounted on rail 5. The free end of said pedal is provided with spring 23,

adapted to actuate said lever, to press said roll against said piston rod. Button 24 is I rotatably mounted on rail 5, andjs adapted to. be rotated 'oversaid freeend of lever 22,

for holding the same in position with said roll in anyone of said notches, thereby holding piston '15, in any desired position, as,

hereinafter described.

When pedal 17 is at the lowest point of its travel, it is adapted to have its front end portion oscillatedonto valve stem 25 for opening pipe 14, for permitting air to pass therethrough,'from pipe 9 and tank 1, for

operating a pneumatic self-starting mechanism, not shown.

Port 11 leads into cylinder 27, having piston 27, therein. Said piston rod is con nected with the lower end of crank 36, the

upper end ofwhich is secured on rook-shaft 28, which is oscillatably'mounted on'rails 5 and 6. On the center of said rock-shaft is secured the shiftiarm'29, the lower end of which engage clutch member 30, slidably splinedpn engine sliaft 31-." Clutch member 32 is formed with gear 32', which tgether,"are loosely mounted on said transmitting means, foir transmitting power I n will be I understo' i from engine 33 to rear x1e 34 of the automobile. i

that gear 32 in jmainder of such transmi ion and axle drivsin means as are now enerall in. use and s1nc"e sa1d remamder of thegtransmission and :-said drlvin means fori'n no part of this invention, t e same are neither shown nor described. Sprin 35' has one of its ends IBIOHIIGCM with cyfi'nder 7, and its other end connected with crank 36, for normallyhold,

. ing said clutch members inv engagement.

Port 12 is connected with (-plunger 37,- by pipe 38 and. has port 137 lea ing from said pipe, longitudinally through said plunger into the interior of brake cylinder 39, which latter is slidably mounted on said plunger.

Said plunger hasits exposed end secured in the lower end 'of bracket 40, the'upper end of which, is secured to rail 5. Said brake cylinder is rod and L crank connected 3 with the free end of brake band 41, for tightening said band on the'edge of disk 42, and

thereby setting the service brake. For

brevity, I shall hereafter term these parts, service brakingmeans. Since said rod and t. crank connectionsarenot original elements of this invention, thesame-are neither designated nor described in detail.

' wlaclis 43-have their upper ends pivotally mounted on rear axle casing 44, and their lower ends bifurcated. Each one of said 4i) bifurcated ends has a shoe 45 detajchably.

secured therein by aset-screw 45'. Said shoes are adapted vto be brought into contact with the ground, as seen in Fig. 1 enfl gaging their teeth 45",. The lowerends of 4t emergency brake cylinders 46-areinserted between said bifurcated ends of jacks 43 and are pivotally connected therewith. Since said. cylinders and their actuating partsare alike in their construction and operation, a detailed description of one, is

deemed suflicient. Aperture'd piston 47 is slidable in {said cylinder and has the enlarged portion 48' of pistonrod 48 connected therewith. 'The upper end of said piston rod is pivotally; mounted on one end of tube 49-, provided withncap .49, screwed thereon, for forming an air; tight joint;

Said tube is securely m unted-in' brackets 3 and 3, formed with tie -bar4. The center.

of said tube is connected with port 13, by

pipe 50. Recover spring 51' has its:upp.er

end connected with tie bar 4, while its lower end is connected with the lower end per-- tion of jack 43. 1; i In operation, -the operator sets one foot 1 engine shaft and form part of the poweractual practice, is eng ed with the re-' i i I 1,187,319

on pedal 17 and normally holds the saine at the lowest extremity of its movement, with valve 16 closing port 10. While said piston from cylinders 46 and 39 is exhausted through their respective air conducting is inthis position,po rt 14 is opened and air means,.into the upper endportion of controller cylinder '2', and thence to the open air. through exhaust port 26. After said air is exhausted, spring 51 draws jackf 43 upward, and cylinder 46 is thereby carried upward and to the right, .and is stopped by piston 47. Said jack and cylinder are thus normally carried, held in position by said spring, *u'ntil the emergency brake is applied, as hereinafter describedf,-

spring 35 draws the free'end of crank 36 ,and the therewithv connectedv piston 27 to-' ward the left, which by their connected parts moves clutch member 30 into engagement with member 32, thereby engaging en-' gine 83 with transmission'gear 32'.

, For applying the: described engine .releasing means, the pressure of the'footof the operator is relaxed, and pressure of air from tank 1, passes through'pi-pe 9 against Valve 16, forcing it'upward, upon which air presses against the bottom of piston 15, forcing the same upward past 'p'ort'll, upon wh1ch,.notch 19 isinregister with roll 21,

which is moved into said notch by action of spring 23, at which point the operator feels the action of saidroll, and if he'so desires, applies button 24, for holding said. air controlling parts in 'this' position. At this juncture, airpasses through port 11, into cylinder 27 and forces piston 27 toward the right, which together with its transmission gear 32i VVhen it is desired to reeigage 'said engine, withsaid gear,

button 24 is rotated from over the free'end of pedal 22, by the use of the operators other foot, andpedalf 17 is'pushed downward, until piston 15 is below port 11, with valve 16 agai'n seated, for closing pipe 9,.

connected parts releases engine 33 from upon which the previously described' eng'ine engaging operations are'repeated.

' \Vhemthe operator sets the service brake,

he=again permits pressuref of air, previouslyv described to I force pi'ston 15 upward, until notch-20 is similarly" enga'zed by roll 21,, at which junctureail "fifiss'es irito cylinder 7*, operates the engine relea -"ng'n1echanism as previously described 'azfi also passesthrough port 12, 5 pipe 38 and plunwhichiis thereby moved toward the right,

ger port;37",=- into serui-ce brake cylinder 39,

a y? .iensbandMfon diskAzQ. i Atlthis j'unc-' re; ii said operator' may move pedal 17 glhtlydownward; until :a jpartwor all of I egbraking partsin setposition. Itawill adily be unclerstoed, *thatflby :proper manlpulation of pedal 17, any desired i tension and 41, may be obtained andgregulated ired; Button24 i'sremjoved from over dal 22, during such manipulations, andfis rmally so allowed toremaing he emergency brakes' are'set, byallowg pressure" of air in cylinder 37; to ,force' $i30ni15 upward} to the limitof its move-r t,q;(toqthel position showndfair then p lss es fthrough port 13,: pipe 50, tube 49, *l ger rod 48 and piston 47, into, cylinder his capsesisaid cylinder to move down- ,fovereoming "1 spring {51, and moving ,from the describedlraised osition, ypositioniseen in l, whic carries T45 to the'jsurfaee ofthejb oundc52.

;will be understopdxthat t einertia of e; automobile}carriesthe upperend of jack orward, while the round has'a tendency old saidwshoesgin xed position, and the th s acting forces; might sudden eoncussion on" all ofgthe partsyinvolved, In der to. avoid suclu' pistoii rod i48 is of llei'f diameter for-permitting; free egress ir therearound, from cylinder ifigwhile 117" to taketplacew so slowly, that alris by: practically and is coma ttheurp r en w yl n rig a cushion for preventingi said concu Said :efnergencyfb'rakes mayjthusbe set for, stopping-the automobiledn the lnimum spacefo'f time,or the samemay be doiie for providing jack raising'means for reanaxle" 44, forkpermitting repairs to tires,

ngihg i wheels, or the I ike er is done, said air isallowd to remain the'i parts as 1 deseribejdp for holding the isame; iThis j: is accomplished in ithe" followgmannerJiQPedal 17 isloweredduntil piston belowfport 13, uponwwhich air is xhausted fr'om :the 7 described emergency king mechanism, as previouslydescribed;

me may be retainedwftheri iby turning bii t'ton 24 over theffree gend hoh mgr-0111121 infhotq'h 1&8" i i i 4 W hen exhausfd, aslast mentioned, e; gravity the; rear. fportion of the autoobilei causes the saniie to move the upper s voiithe jacks downward andbackward,

he ls At this juncture, the thus released hile I have shownand desr zribedishoes having teeth on their bottom surthe previously described connections air-is exhausted from cylinder 39, or may apply button 24,;Ifor holding the nlarged portion 48" "permitsh said iegress I When"; the

ack s intplaee, until it is desiredlto raise the t en; piston 15am itslowestposition, the

said portion is supported on its rear are lifted Eloy springs 5l,mas described.

1 M l V faces i isevident that the bottoms of said shoes couldbe differently .formed, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

which I reserve the right to do. One of such other formsis shown in Figs. 5, (3, and

7, incwhich, -shoe has corrugations 45".

% formed longitudinally on its bottom surfacer Smdcorrugatmns being straight offer less adherence to the ground, than the shoe 45, and also provide anti-skidding means,

preventing lateral sliding of said Show -Hav1n full described ill invention. b .l

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In,a1r brakes for'vehicles air storing means adapted to hold air underpressure; v

a pair ofijacks having their upper ends pivotedon the rear axle of HHHl vehicle;

,shoes detachably secured on the lower ends of said acks for engaging the ground; at 5 ring for each one of said jiu'ks whereby final portion of their lowering movement; air conducting means Wherebysaid storing means and said .lo'wering means are" connected and air controlling means in said conducting means whereby said air is eontrolled. v

2. Inair brakes for vehicles; a pair of jacks" having their upper enrlss-omzillatably mounted on the rear axle "of said vehicle; a brake 'shoe for each one of said jacks; securing means whereby said shoes are detachably secured on the lower ends of said jacks; a cylinder for each oneof said jacks the lowerends of said cylindersbeing pivotally connected with the free jend portions of said jacks; a pistonin each oneof said cylinders; a pistonvrod for each one of said .pistons; air tight pivotal mounting means whereon the upper-lends of said piston rods are pivotally mounted, said mounting means, said rodsandsaid pistons being adapted to permit passage of air therethrough 11'lt0'S211d cylinders; air storing means adapted to hold air under pressure; air conducting means for conducting air from said storingmeans into said pivotal mounting means; air controlling means in said air conducting-means for controlling flow of hir therethrough and a pedal for operating said controllii'xg means.

In air brakes for vehicles, a pair of jacks having their upper ends pivoted upon one of the. axles of said vehicle; shoes on the free ends of said jacks, said shoes being adaptedto be brought into contact with the ground for stopping said vehicle; a cyl- 1301 inder for each one of said jacks; the lower ends of said cylinders being pi'votally con- .nected with the free end portion of said jacks; a tube securely connected with-said vehicle; a hollow piston rod for conducting air from each end of said tube; air tight the upper end of said cylinder for temporarily holding air under pressure therein. the lower end of said piston rod portion being connected with said piston; air storing means adapted to hold air under pressure air conducting means Whereby'said tube and said storing means are connected; ancontrolling means 1n said an conducting means for controlling passage of am therethrough; and recover springsfor actuating recover movement of said jacks and the therewith connected parts. v

. Intestimony whereof I aiiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANK a. HOMES.

\Vitnesses:

FRED Hmnmg'zln,

E. T. REES. 

